Nouns are made plural by adding or changing their endings. Masculine and feminine nouns are made plural with the endings -ы / -и.

Neuter nouns are made plural by replacing the endings -о /-е with -а /-я.

The letter -ы never follows к, г, ш, ж, щ, ч, х. After those letters, there must be the letter -и (банк – банки, собака – собаки).

There is a list of exceptions where the plural is formed differently. Please memorize them.

• человек – люди (person - people)
• ребёнок – дети (child - children)
• друг – друзья (friend - friends)
• брат – братья (brother - brothers)
• сестра – сёстры (sister - sisters)
• яблоко – яблоки (apple - apples)
• дом – дома (house - houses)
• паспорт – паспорта (passport - passports)
• город – города (city - cities)
• лес – леса (forest - forests)
• цветок – цветы (flower - flowers)
• цвет – цвета (colour - colours)